Understanding What Causes Ovarian Cysts

Ovarian cysts are a common concern for many women, especially as they navigate different stages of life. While they often cause no symptoms and resolve on their own, understanding what causes ovarian cysts can help us feel more in control and aware of our health. In this post, we’ll explore the causes, warning signs, and practical steps you can take to manage ovarian cysts effectively.

What Are Ovarian Cysts?

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside an ovary. The most common are called functional, follicular or physiologic cysts. Most women will experience at least one cyst during their lifetime, often without even knowing it. These cysts can vary in size and type, and while many are harmless, some may require medical attention.

Ovarian cysts typically form during the menstrual cycle. For example, a follicular cyst happens when the follicle, which contains the egg, doesn’t release it and continues to grow. Another common type is the corpus luteum cyst, which forms after the follicle releases the egg but then seals off and fills with fluid.

Understanding these basics helps us appreciate why cysts are so common and usually not a cause for alarm.

There are many different types of cysts on an ovary

Common Causes of Ovarian Cysts

There are several reasons why ovarian cysts develop. Some causes are related to the natural hormonal changes in the body, while others may be linked to underlying health conditions. Here are some of the most common causes of ovarian cysts:

• Hormonal Imbalances: Hormones regulate the menstrual cycle, and any disruption can lead to cyst formation. For example, if ovulation does not occur properly, a follicular cyst may form.

• Endometriosis: This condition causes tissue similar to the uterine lining to grow outside the uterus, sometimes leading to cysts called endometriomas on the ovaries.

• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a hormonal disorder that causes multiple small cysts to develop on the ovaries, often accompanied by irregular periods and other symptoms.

• Pregnancy: Sometimes, a cyst forms early in pregnancy to support the pregnancy until the placenta develops.

• Severe Pelvic Infections: Infections can spread to the ovaries and fallopian tubes, causing cysts to form.

• Previous Ovarian Cysts: Having had cysts before can increase the likelihood of developing new ones.

• Benign or Cancerous Growths: Some types of cysts are abnormal growths. Many are NOT cancerous but some are.

  
  

If you want to learn more about what causes ovarian cysts, talk to your doctor for detailed insights and guidance.

Doctor explaining anatomy with model of uterus and ovaries

What Are the Warning Signs of an Ovarian Cyst?

While many ovarian cysts cause no symptoms, some can lead to noticeable signs that should prompt a visit to your healthcare provider. Here are some warning signs to watch for:

• Pelvic Pain: This can be a dull or sharp ache in the lower abdomen, often on one side.

• Bloating or Swelling: A feeling of fullness or pressure in the abdomen.

• Pain During Intercourse: Discomfort or pain during or after sex.

• Changes in Menstrual Cycle: Irregular periods, heavier bleeding, or spotting between periods.

• Frequent Urination: Pressure on the bladder can cause the need to urinate more often.

• Difficulty Emptying the Bladder or Bowel: This can happen if a cyst presses on these organs.

• Sudden, Severe Abdominal Pain: This could indicate a ruptured cyst or ovarian torsion, which requires immediate medical attention.

  
  

If you experience any of these symptoms, especially sudden severe pain, it’s important to seek medical care promptly.

How Are Ovarian Cysts Diagnosed and Treated?

Diagnosis usually begins with a pelvic exam, where your healthcare provider may feel for swelling or tenderness. If a cyst is suspected, an ultrasound is the most common imaging test used to confirm its presence and size.

Treatment depends on the cyst’s size, type, and symptoms:

• Watchful Waiting: Many cysts disappear on their own within a few menstrual cycles. Regular monitoring with ultrasounds may be recommended.

• Medications: Hormonal contraceptives can help regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent new cysts from forming.

• Surgery: If a cyst is large, persistent, or causing symptoms, surgical removal may be necessary. This can often be done laparoscopically, which is minimally invasive.

  
  

It’s reassuring to know that most ovarian cysts are benign and manageable with proper care.

Practical Tips for Managing Ovarian Health

Taking care of your ovarian health is a vital part of overall well-being. Here are some practical steps we can all take:

1. Regular Check-Ups: Schedule routine gynecological exams to catch any issues early.

2. Track Your Cycle: Keeping a menstrual diary can help identify irregularities or symptoms that need attention.

3. Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Balanced nutrition, regular exercise, and stress management support hormonal balance.

4. Know When to Seek Help: Don’t hesitate to contact your healthcare provider if you notice unusual symptoms.

5. Communicate Openly: Share your concerns and symptoms honestly with your provider to get the best care.

   
   

At G. DeAn Strobel, MD, PA, we are here to support you with expert gynecological care, including hormone management and surgical options when needed. You can text or call us at 903-957-0275 to schedule an appointment or ask questions. Visit our website at https://www.drdeanstrobel.com/ for more information.

Embracing Awareness and Care

Understanding ovarian cysts and their causes empowers us to take charge of our health with confidence. While they can be concerning, most cysts are manageable and often harmless. By staying informed, monitoring symptoms, and seeking timely care, we can navigate this aspect of women’s health with calm and assurance.

Remember, you’re not alone on this journey. Our team is dedicated to providing compassionate, knowledgeable care tailored to your unique needs. Reach out anytime – your health and peace of mind are our top priorities!